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First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Studies · Grade 12

Active learning ideas

Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls (MMIWG)

This topic addresses the systemic crisis of Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women, Girls, and 2SLGBTQQIA+ people (MMIWG) in Canada. Students examine the findings of the National Inquiry, which concluded that the violence is a result of a 'deliberate, race, identity and gender-based genocide.' The curriculum focuses on the systemic factors, such as poverty, lack of housing, and police bias, that contribute to this crisis.

Ontario Curriculum ExpectationsI2.1 Analyze the systemic factors contributing to the MMIWG crisisI2.2 Evaluate the recommendations of the National Inquiry into MMIWG
30–60 minPairs → Whole Class3 activities

Activity 01

Inquiry Circle60 min · Small Groups

Inquiry Circle: The 231 Calls for Justice

Groups research one specific area of the Calls for Justice (e.g., Media, Health, or Police) and present why these specific changes are necessary to ensure safety.

What are the root causes of the MMIWG crisis?
AnalyzeEvaluateCreateSelf-ManagementSelf-Awareness
Generate Complete Lesson

Activity 02

Gallery Walk40 min · Whole Class

Gallery Walk: The Red Dress Project

Students view images of the Red Dress Project and other art installations, discussing how art can be used to raise awareness and honor the spirits of those lost.

How has the justice system responded to violence against Indigenous women?
UnderstandApplyAnalyzeCreateRelationship SkillsSocial Awareness
Generate Complete Lesson

Activity 03

Think-Pair-Share30 min · Pairs

Think-Pair-Share: Systemic vs. Individual Factors

Students are given a list of factors contributing to the crisis and must categorize them with a partner as 'systemic' or 'individual,' discussing how the system fails to protect Indigenous women.

What are the key recommendations of the National Inquiry?
UnderstandApplyAnalyzeSelf-AwarenessRelationship Skills
Generate Complete Lesson

A few notes on teaching this unit


Watch Out for These Misconceptions

  • The MMIWG crisis is just a 'police problem.'

    The crisis is rooted in deep systemic issues like poverty, colonialism, and sexism across all sectors. A 'root cause' mapping activity can help students see the interconnectedness of these factors.

  • This issue only affects people in remote areas.

    The MMIWG crisis is a national issue that affects urban, rural, and remote communities alike. A gallery walk of data and stories from across Canada can help students see the national scope.


Methods used in this brief