Active learning ideas
This topic explores the diverse and sophisticated governance systems that Indigenous nations have used for millennia. Students will study models like the clan system, hereditary leadership, and the role of women in decision-making. A key focus is on consensus-building, a process where everyone's voice is heard and the goal is to reach an agreement that the whole community can support.
Activity 01
The class is given a community issue (e.g., where to build a new community center). Instead of voting, they must use a consensus-building process where every student must agree on the final decision, experiencing the patience and listening required.
What are the key features of traditional Indigenous governance?
Activity 02
Groups research the role of Clan Mothers in Haudenosaunee society. They create a visual representation of how Clan Mothers choose, monitor, and can remove chiefs, highlighting the balance of power between genders.
How does consensus-building operate in these systems?
Activity 03
Students reflect on the pros and cons of 'majority rule' (51% wins) versus 'consensus' (everyone agrees). They discuss with a partner which system they think is fairer and in what situations, then share their thoughts with the class.
In what ways do traditional structures differ from the Canadian parliamentary system?
A few notes on teaching this unit
Watch Out for These Misconceptions
Consensus means everyone gets exactly what they want.
Consensus means finding a solution that everyone can 'live with' for the good of the community, even if it wasn't their first choice. Simulating the process helps students understand the difference between compromise and consensus.
Traditional governance is 'outdated' and can't work today.
Many Indigenous nations are successfully integrating traditional governance into their modern self-government agreements. Using examples like the Nunavut government or the Haudenosaunee Confederacy shows its modern viability.
Methods used in this brief
The Path to Self-Government
Trace the journey of Indigenous communities toward self-government and autonomy. Examine successful models of self-government and the challenges faced in negotiating these agreements.
8 methodologies
Indigenous Rights in International Law (UNDRIP)
Explore the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) and its implications for Indigenous rights in Canada. Assess the progress of implementing UNDRIP at the federal and provincial levels.
8 methodologies