Canada · Ontario Curriculum Expectations
Grade 3 Mathematics
This course focuses on developing deep conceptual understanding of numbers up to 1000 and the foundational logic of multiplication and division. Students engage with spatial reasoning and data analysis to solve real world problems through collaborative inquiry and mathematical modeling.
01The Power of Place Value
Students investigate the base ten system to understand how the position of a digit determines its value in numbers up to 1000.
Students explore the concept that a digit's position determines its value in numbers up to 1000 using manipulatives.
Students explore different ways to represent and decompose numbers to 1000 using concrete and pictorial models.
Students use known quantities as benchmarks to estimate the size of unknown sets and measurements.
Students learn to round whole numbers to the nearest 10 using number lines and place value understanding.
Students learn to round whole numbers to the nearest 100 using number lines and place value understanding.
Students compare and order numbers up to 1000 using place value and inequality symbols.
Students develop mental math strategies for addition within 1000, focusing on properties of operations.
02Multiplication and Division Logic
Moving from additive thinking to multiplicative thinking by exploring equal groups, arrays, and sharing.
Students investigate multiplication as repeated addition and organized arrays.
Students explore division through fair sharing and grouping scenarios.
Students identify and predict patterns within multiplication tables and skip counting sequences.
Students investigate the commutative and associative properties of multiplication using arrays and grouping.
Students investigate the distributive property of multiplication to break down complex problems.
03Fractional Thinking
Understanding parts of a whole and parts of a set through visual models and fair sharing.
Students recognize that a fraction only has meaning in relation to a defined whole unit.
Students investigate how the size of a unit fraction changes as the denominator increases.
Students represent fractions as points on a number line, understanding their position relative to whole numbers.
Students explore different fractions that represent the same amount using visual models.
Students understand that whole numbers can be expressed as fractions, and identify fractions equivalent to whole numbers.
04Geometry and Spatial Systems
Analyzing the properties of 2D shapes and 3D objects and their movement in space.
Students classify shapes based on sides, angles, and symmetry.
Students explore how shapes move through flips (reflections) and slides (translations).
Students explore how shapes move through turns (rotations) around a fixed point.
Students divide shapes into parts with equal areas and express the area of each part as a unit fraction.
Students are introduced to area as the amount of space a two-dimensional shape covers, measured in square units.
Students calculate the area of rectangles by tiling with unit squares and relating it to multiplication.
Students find the area of rectilinear figures by decomposing them into non-overlapping rectangles.
05Data and Measurement Stories
Collecting, representing, and interpreting data to answer questions about the world.
Students use standard units to measure length (cm, m) and mass (g, kg).
Students use standard units to measure liquid volume (liters).
Students read and write time to the nearest minute on analog and digital clocks.
Students solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of time intervals in minutes.
Students collect data using surveys or observations and organize it into tally charts and frequency tables.
Students construct bar graphs and pictographs to represent data, including choosing appropriate scales.
06Algebraic Thinking: Patterns and Relationships
Exploring numerical and geometric patterns and identifying rules that govern them.
Students discover patterns in addition and multiplication tables and explain the rules.
Students identify and extend patterns in shapes and their attributes.
Students use input/output tables to identify rules and predict outcomes in mathematical relationships.
07Financial Literacy: Money Matters
Understanding the value of money, making change, and simple financial decisions.
Students identify coins and bills, count mixed amounts, and compare values.
Students calculate change from a purchase using various strategies.
Students are introduced to basic concepts of budgeting and making choices about spending money.
08Problem Solving and Mathematical Modeling
Applying mathematical concepts to solve real-world problems and communicate solutions.
Students analyze different types of word problems and identify key information and operations.
Students explore and practice various strategies such as drawing diagrams, making tables, and working backward.
Students explain solutions and reasoning clearly, both orally and in writing.
09Review and Consolidation
Comprehensive review of all Grade 3 mathematical concepts and skills.
Students review place value, rounding, and comparing numbers up to 1000.
Students consolidate understanding of addition and subtraction strategies within 1000.
Students consolidate understanding of multiplication and division strategies and their relationship.
Students revisit fractions, including defining the whole, placing on a number line, and equivalent fractions.
Students review properties of shapes, area, perimeter, and transformations.
Students review time, measurement, and data representation and interpretation.