Active learning ideas
Demography is the study of population change. In this topic, students examine the trends in birth rates, death rates, and migration that are reshaping the UK. They explore the reasons for the 'ageing population' and its impact on the family (such as the rise of the 'sandwich generation') and the wider economy. They also look at how migration has contributed to the diversity of family structures in Britain.
Activity 01
In small groups, students are given data on the UK's ageing population. They must create a 'consequence map' showing how this trend affects different areas of life: the family (grandparenting), the economy (pensions), and the state (healthcare).
How does an ageing population affect the family and public services?
Activity 02
Using a physical representation (like students standing in groups), model the 'dependency ratio' in 1950 versus 2050. Students must discuss the challenges of having a smaller 'working' group supporting a larger 'retired' group.
What are the consequences of declining birth rates?
Activity 03
Students list three reasons why women are having fewer children (e.g., career focus, contraception, cost). They share with a partner and rank them in order of importance for a woman in the 21st century.
How has migration shaped family diversity in the UK?
A few notes on teaching this unit
Watch Out for These Misconceptions
An ageing population is purely a 'burden' on society.
While it poses challenges, older people also provide 'free' childcare (the 'silver economy') and contribute through volunteering. A 'debit/credit' activity can help students see the nuanced sociological view of the elderly as both a challenge and a resource.
Migration is the only reason the UK population is growing.
Natural increase (births minus deaths) and increasing life expectancy also play major roles. Using a 'population pyramid' analysis helps students see that migration is just one piece of a much larger demographic puzzle.
Methods used in this brief
Changing Family Patterns
Analysing trends in marriage, divorce, cohabitation, and the increasing diversity of family structures.
8 methodologies
Gender Roles and Power in the Family
Investigating the domestic division of labour, decision-making, and the impact of feminism on family life.
8 methodologies
Childhood in Contemporary Society
Examining the social construction of childhood and how the status of children has changed over time.
8 methodologies