Active learning ideas
This topic explores the biological foundations of behaviour, tracing brain development from the womb through to childhood. Students learn about the formation of the neural tube and the subsequent development of key structures like the brain stem, cerebellum, and thalamus. The curriculum also covers the functions of the cerebral cortex and the autonomic nervous system, providing a map of how the physical brain governs everything from basic survival to complex thought.
Activity 01
Students use different colours of modelling clay to build a 3D model of the brain, identifying the brain stem, cerebellum, and cortex. They must explain the function of each part to a partner as they 'install' it into their model.
How does the brain develop in the womb?
Activity 02
Students simulate the 'fight or flight' response. One group acts as the Sympathetic nervous system (speeding up heart rate, etc.), while the other acts as the Parasympathetic system (slowing it down), using physical movements to demonstrate the body's physiological changes.
What role does the brain stem play?
Activity 03
Set up stations with 'patient' case studies describing specific symptoms (e.g., loss of balance, trouble breathing). Students move in groups to diagnose which part of the brain is likely affected based on their knowledge of brain structure.
How do different areas of the brain control behaviour?
A few notes on teaching this unit
Watch Out for These Misconceptions
We only use 10% of our brains.
This is a myth; almost every part of the brain has a known function and is active throughout the day. Using brain-mapping activities helps students see that even simple tasks require coordination across multiple brain regions.
The brain is fully developed at birth.
While the basic structures are present, the brain continues to develop and 'wire' itself well into early adulthood. Discussing the development of the prefrontal cortex in teenagers helps students understand why their own brains are still 'under construction'.
Methods used in this brief
Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development
Students critically evaluate Piaget's stages of cognitive development and his concepts of assimilation and accommodation. They will explore the implications for educational practice.
8 methodologies
The Effects of Learning on Development
An exploration of Dweck's Mindset theory and Willingham's learning theory. Students will consider how praise and self-efficacy influence a learner's development.
8 methodologies