Active learning ideas
This topic examines the justification for the state and the nature of political authority. Students explore why we have governments and what gives them the right to rule. This is a core part of the Ontario Social and Political Philosophy unit, helping students understand the foundations of the Canadian democratic system and other forms of government.
Activity 01
Students are 'stranded' on an island and must decide how to organize themselves. Do they need a leader? How are decisions made? They must then present their 'constitution' and justify their choice of authority.
Why do we need a government?
Activity 02
Students reflect on a law they disagree with. They then work with a partner to discuss: 'Why do you still obey it?' and 'What would happen if everyone stopped?' before sharing their thoughts on political obligation.
What gives a state the right to rule?
Activity 03
Posters describe different systems (Democracy, Monarchy, Theocracy, Anarchy). Students rotate and list the 'philosophical assumptions' about human nature that each system makes.
How do different political systems balance power and freedom?
A few notes on teaching this unit
Watch Out for These Misconceptions
Democracy is the only 'natural' or 'logical' form of government.
Democracy is a philosophical choice with specific justifications. Active learning that explores the history of different systems helps students see that all political authority requires a philosophical 'story' to be seen as legitimate.
The state's only job is to provide safety.
States also manage resources, protect rights, and promote specific values. Peer-led investigations into different 'state goals' can help students see the broader functions of political authority.
Methods used in this brief
Justice, Rights, and Equality
This topic explores the concepts of distributive justice, human rights, and social equality. Students analyze how societies should distribute resources and protect individual liberties.
8 methodologies
Social Contract Theories
Students investigate social contract theory through the works of Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau. They evaluate the implicit agreements between citizens and the state.
8 methodologies