The Australian Constitution
Students will investigate the purpose and key features of the Australian Constitution, including its role in establishing the framework of government.
Key Questions
- Explain the primary purpose of the Australian Constitution.
- Analyze how the Constitution divides power between the Commonwealth and the states.
- Critique the process for amending the Australian Constitution.
ACARA Content Descriptions
About This Topic
Australia's system of government is known as the 'Westminster System', inherited from the United Kingdom but adapted for our own needs. This topic explores the key features of this system: the role of the Queen (represented by the Governor-General), the two houses of Parliament (the House of Representatives and the Senate), and the 'Separation of Powers'.
Students investigate the Australian Constitution, the 'rule book' for how our country is run, and how the separation of the Parliament (who make laws), the Executive (who carry out laws), and the Judiciary (who interpret laws) prevents any one group from having too much power. This topic comes alive when students can physically model the 'Separation of Powers' or use role plays to simulate the opening of a new Parliament.
Active Learning Ideas
Simulation Game: The Three Arms of Government
Divide the class into three groups: 'The Law Makers' (Parliament), 'The Doers' (Executive), and 'The Judges' (Judiciary). Give them a problem (e.g., 'A new law about school uniforms'). Each group must perform their specific role without interfering with the others.
Inquiry Circle: The Constitution Scavenger Hunt
Provide students with a simplified version of the Australian Constitution. They must find the 'rules' for specific things: 'How do we change the Constitution?', 'Who is in charge of the army?', and 'What happens if the two houses of Parliament disagree?'.
Think-Pair-Share: Why Two Houses?
Students discuss: 'Why does Australia have both a 'Green House' (Representatives) and a 'Red House' (Senate)?'. They share their ideas about 'double-checking' laws and representing both people and states.
Watch Out for These Misconceptions
Common MisconceptionThe Prime Minister can make any law they want.
What to Teach Instead
The PM must get the law through both houses of Parliament and it must be 'Constitutional'. Peer modeling of the 'Law-making Path' helps students see the many hurdles a leader faces.
Common MisconceptionThe Governor-General is the 'boss' of Australia.
What to Teach Instead
The GG has 'reserve powers' but usually only acts on the advice of the Prime Minister. Role-playing the 'Ceremonial vs. Actual' power helps students understand this subtle constitutional role.
Suggested Methodologies
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is the Westminster System?
What is the 'Separation of Powers'?
How can active learning help students understand the Constitution?
What is the role of the Senate?
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