United States · Common Core State Standards
Kindergarten Mathematics
A comprehensive introduction to the world of numbers and shapes through hands-on exploration and logical reasoning. Students develop deep number sense and spatial awareness by connecting abstract concepts to their physical surroundings.
01Numbers in Our World
Students explore the concept of quantity by counting objects and understanding the relationship between numbers and sets.
Moving beyond rote memorization to understand that each number name refers to exactly one object.
Understanding that the last number name said tells the number of objects counted.
Using matching and counting strategies to identify whether one group is greater than, less than, or equal to another.
Connecting numerals to the physical quantities they represent from zero to five.
Connecting numerals to the physical quantities they represent from six to ten.
Counting forward from a given number up to 20, not just starting at one.
Counting to 100 by ones and by tens.
02Building and Breaking Numbers
An introduction to algebraic thinking through the composition and decomposition of numbers within ten.
Understanding addition as the process of joining two or more sets of objects.
Exploring subtraction as taking apart sets and finding the difference between quantities.
Finding all number pairs that add up to a given number from 1 to 10.
Finding the number that makes 10 when added to any given number from 1 to 9.
Practicing addition and subtraction problems within 5 to build fluency.
Developing an early understanding of place value by anchoring numbers to the number ten, specifically teen numbers.
Solving simple addition word problems using objects, drawings, or equations.
Solving simple subtraction word problems using objects, drawings, or equations.
03The Language of Shapes
Students identify, describe, and compare two dimensional and three dimensional shapes in various orientations.
Distinguishing between two dimensional circles, squares, triangles, and rectangles.
Distinguishing between three dimensional spheres, cubes, cylinders, and cones.
Using names of shapes to describe objects in the environment and identifying attributes like number of sides and vertices.
Identifying geometric figures within the environment and using positional language to describe them.
Composing simple shapes to form larger, more complex geometric figures.
Composing simple 3D shapes to form larger, more complex geometric figures.
04Measuring and Sorting
Comparing measurable attributes of objects and classifying data into categories.
Directly comparing two objects to see which is longer/shorter.
Directly comparing two objects to see which is heavier/lighter.
Directly comparing two objects to see which holds more/less.
Describing objects using measurable attributes like length, weight, and capacity.
Classifying objects into categories based on a single attribute (e.g., color, shape, size).
Classifying objects into categories based on more than one attribute.
Counting the number of objects in each category after sorting.
Using simple graphs and charts to represent information collected from the classroom.
Answering questions about the total number of objects, how many in each category, and comparing categories.