Formal and Informal Powers of the President
Differentiating between the powers explicitly granted by the Constitution and those developed over time.
Key Questions
- Differentiate between the formal and informal powers of the presidency.
- Analyze how informal powers have expanded the scope of presidential authority.
- Evaluate the constitutional implications of executive agreements versus treaties.
Common Core State Standards
About This Topic
Dining Etiquette focuses on the social rules and linguistic formulas that govern meals in different cultures. For 9th graders, this topic is essential for navigating social situations and avoiding cultural misunderstandings. Students learn everything from how to use utensils (or hands) to the appropriate way to start and end a meal. This aligns with ACTFL standards for cultural practices and comparisons, as students reflect on how their own table manners compare to those of the target culture.
This unit also explores the role of conversation at the dinner table. In many cultures, the meal is a long, social event where the focus is as much on the company as the food. Students learn the importance of 'sobremesa' (the post-meal conversation) and other cultural traditions that emphasize community. Students grasp this concept faster through structured discussion and peer explanation, where they can practice the specific phrases used to show appreciation and respect during a meal.
Active Learning Ideas
Role Play: The Formal Dinner Guest
Students are given a specific dining scenario (e.g., a formal dinner at a friend's house). They must practice using the correct linguistic formulas for accepting food, complimenting the cook, and engaging in polite conversation.
Think-Pair-Share: Etiquette 'Do's and Don'ts'
Students are given a list of dining behaviors and must categorize them as 'polite' or 'impolite' in both the US and the target culture. They then discuss the reasons behind these rules with a partner.
Simulation Game: The 'Sobremesa' Experience
After a mock snack, students are required to stay at their tables and engage in a structured conversation in the target language for a set amount of time, mirroring the cultural practice of lingering after a meal.
Watch Out for These Misconceptions
Common MisconceptionTable manners are just about being 'fancy.'
What to Teach Instead
Etiquette is a way of showing respect for the host and the food. Through role play, students can see how following these rules helps build relationships and avoid giving offense.
Common MisconceptionEveryone eats with a fork and knife.
What to Teach Instead
Many cultures use different tools or their hands. Using a 'tools of the world' activity helps students understand that 'correct' etiquette is relative to the culture and the specific meal being served.
Suggested Methodologies
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Frequently Asked Questions
How can I teach dining etiquette without it being a list of rules?
What if my students have very different dining customs at home?
How can active learning help students understand dining etiquette?
How do I handle the topic of 'weird' foods in other cultures?
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