Singapore · MOE Syllabus Outcomes
JC 2 History
JC 2 History: international history encompassing the Cold War, decolonisation, globalisation, the United Nations, and 21st-century challenges. Students engage with global perspectives and develop rigorous historical analysis skills.
01The Cold War: Superpower Rivalry and Global Impact
An in-depth analysis of the ideological, strategic, and military tensions between the USA and USSR from 1945 to 1991.
Students examine the immediate post-WWII landscape and the fundamental ideological differences between capitalism and communism.
Students analyze the outcomes of the Yalta and Potsdam conferences and their role in shaping post-war geopolitical divisions.
Students explore the origins and implications of the Truman Doctrine and the broader strategy of containment.
Students evaluate the economic dimensions of the Cold War, focusing on the Marshall Plan and its Soviet counterpart, Comecon.
Students analyze the first major Cold War crisis in Europe and its resolution.
Students examine the formation and significance of the two opposing military alliances in Europe.
Students analyze the Korean War as the first major 'hot' conflict of the Cold War and its impact on global containment.
Students study the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis, focusing on the escalation, negotiation, and near-nuclear confrontation.
Students examine the historical context of the Vietnam War and the reasons for increasing American intervention.
Students explore the escalation of the Vietnam War, its conduct, and the growing anti-war movement in the USA.
Students examine the period of reduced tensions in the 1970s, focusing on the reasons for and successes of superpower cooperation.
Students explore the inherent limitations and criticisms of Détente, leading to its eventual breakdown.
Students analyze the return to heightened hostility, focusing on the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and the Reagan administration's policies.
Students examine Mikhail Gorbachev's domestic reforms and their intended and unintended consequences.
02Decolonisation and the Rise of New Nations
The transition from colonial rule to independence across Asia and Africa and the challenges of nation-building.
Students explore how World War II weakened European colonial powers and fueled anti-colonial sentiments.
Students compare different models of nationalism and the strategies of charismatic leaders in the decolonization process.
Students conduct a case study on Indonesia's diplomatic and military struggle against Dutch re-colonization.
Students examine the communist insurgency in Malaya and the British counter-insurgency strategies leading to independence.
Students analyze the transition from colonial extractive economies to national development strategies in newly independent states.
03The United Nations and Global Governance
Evaluating the successes and failures of the UN in maintaining peace and security.
Students compare the UN to the League of Nations and analyze the core principles enshrined in its charter.
Students examine the structure and function of the UN Security Council, focusing on the controversial veto power.
Students trace the evolution of UN peacekeeping operations from traditional 'thin blue lines' to multidimensional missions.
Students examine the inherent challenges and limitations faced by UN peacekeeping missions in complex conflict environments.
Students explore the development and significance of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
Students evaluate the World Health Organization's (WHO) role in managing global health crises and promoting public health.
04Globalisation and the Global Economy
The rise of an interconnected world economy and its socio-political consequences.
Students explore the establishment of key international economic institutions like the IMF and World Bank after World War II.
Students analyze the causes and far-reaching consequences of the 1973 oil embargo.
Students examine the rapid economic growth of Singapore, Hong Kong, South Korea, and Taiwan, with a focus on Singapore.
Students explore the power and influence of global companies and the role of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI).
Students analyze how the internet and digital technologies have transformed global interactions and economies.
Students investigate how unequal access to technology creates new forms of global inequality.
Students analyze the underlying causes and triggers of the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis.
Students examine the consequences of the 1997 crisis and the role of the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
Students explore how national economies are increasingly linked, making them vulnerable to global events.
Students examine general ways governments and international bodies respond to economic downturns and crises.
05Conflicts and Challenges in the Middle East
The historical roots of regional instability and its global implications.
Students examine the historical roots of the Arab-Israeli conflict, including the rise of Zionism and Arab nationalism, and the British Mandate.
Students analyze the creation of the State of Israel and the first Arab-Israeli War, known as the Nakba.
Students study the 1967 Six-Day War and its profound impact on the geopolitical landscape of the Middle East.
Students examine the factors leading to the fall of the Shah and the rise of the Islamic Republic in Iran.
Students analyze the far-reaching consequences of the Iranian Revolution on regional politics and the Cold War balance of power.
Students explore how regional conflicts in the Middle East have shaped the political landscape and affected people's lives.
Students analyze Iraq's invasion of Kuwait and the international community's UN-sanctioned response.
Students examine the aftermath of the Gulf War, including its impact on the US military presence and regional stability.
06Southeast Asian Regionalism and ASEAN
The history of regional cooperation and Singapore's role in Southeast Asia.
Students explore the 1967 Bangkok Declaration and the initial motivations for regional unity amidst Cold War tensions.
Students analyze ASEAN's diplomatic efforts to resolve the Third Indochina War and its impact on regional stability.
Students examine the inclusion of new members in the 1990s and its implications for ASEAN's structure and goals.
Students examine how ASEAN promotes economic cooperation among member states to foster growth and stability in the region.
07Singapore's Foreign Policy and Global Role
The principles and practice of Singapore's diplomacy as a small state.
Students understand the constraints and opportunities of Singapore's geography and small size in shaping its foreign policy.
Students analyze the core tenets of Singapore's foreign policy: pragmatism, multilateralism, and relevance.
Students examine the historical 'legacy issues' and ongoing cooperation and friction between Singapore and Malaysia.
Students explore the dynamics of Singapore's relationship with its large regional neighbor, Indonesia.
08Current Issues and the Future of International History
Synthesizing historical knowledge to address contemporary global challenges.
Students learn about various forms of government and political systems around the world, including democracies and non-democracies.
Students examine the historical development of climate policy and its impact on geopolitics and security.
Students explore how new technologies, including digital communication, influence daily life, information sharing, and social interactions.
Students discuss the ethical questions and societal implications that arise with rapid technological advancements.
Students examine the importance of international cooperation in addressing shared global challenges like pandemics, poverty, and environmental issues.