India · CBSE Learning Outcomes
Class 12 Physics
An advanced exploration of the laws governing the universe from subatomic particles to macroscopic fields. Students engage with mathematical modeling and experimental verification to understand the technological foundations of the modern age.

Electrostatics and Electric Potential
Exploration of stationary charges, the fields they generate, and the energy stored within electric configurations.
Study of Coulomb's Law, field lines, and the application of Gauss's Law to symmetrical charge distributions.
Analysis of work done in moving charges and the mechanisms of energy storage in capacitors.

Current Electricity and Circuit Dynamics
Investigation of moving charges, resistance, and the governing laws of complex electrical networks.
Understanding drift velocity, resistivity, and the temperature dependence of electrical conduction.
Application of conservation laws to complex circuits and the precision of bridge circuits.

Electromagnetism and Induction
Exploring the unified nature of electricity and magnetism through moving charges and changing fluxes.
Analysis of magnetic forces on moving charges and the creation of magnetic fields by currents.
Study of Faraday's Law, Lenz's Law, and the generation of induced electromotive force.
Analysis of LCR circuits, resonance, and the operation of power transformers.

Optics and the Nature of Light
Investigating light as both a ray and a wave, covering reflection, refraction, interference, and diffraction.
Geometric analysis of light through mirrors and lenses, and the design of telescopes and microscopes.
Study of Huygens' principle, interference patterns, and the phenomenon of light diffraction.

Quantum Nature and Nuclear Physics
Exploring the dual nature of radiation and matter, atomic structures, and the energy of the nucleus.
Examination of the photoelectric effect and the de Broglie hypothesis of matter waves.
Study of the Bohr model, nuclear binding energy, and the processes of fission and fusion.

Electronic Devices and Communication
Application of semiconductor physics to modern electronics and the principles of signal transmission.
Investigation of p-n junctions, diodes, and their roles in rectification and logic gates.
Exploring modulation, signal bandwidth, and the architecture of global communication networks.