Skip to content
Social, Personal and Health Education (SPHE) · 5th Year

Active learning ideas

Representation and Stereotypes

This topic helps your pupils pull back the curtain on the media they consume every day. It's a chance to build essential critical thinking skills by examining how people are portrayed and the powerful impact of stereotypes.

NCCA Curriculum SpecificationsSPHE Curriculum: Myself and the wider world - Media education
25–40 minPairs → Whole Class3 activities

Activity 01

Philosophical Chairs30 min · Small Groups

Stereotype Detectives

In small groups, pupils examine a collection of magazine advertisements or short video clips. They use a worksheet to identify any stereotypes they see, discussing who is represented and how they are portrayed.

Explain what a stereotype is and provide an example from a film or TV show.

Facilitation TipProvide a mix of modern and older ads to show how some stereotypes have changed or persisted.

What to look forObserve and listen to pupils' contributions during group discussions as they analyse media clips, noting their use of key vocabulary.

AnalyzeEvaluateSelf-AwarenessSocial Awareness
Generate Complete Lesson

Activity 02

Philosophical Chairs40 min · Individual

Media Makeover

Pupils choose a character from a well-known fairy tale or film who fits a common stereotype (e.g., a damsel in distress). They then 'remake' the character by drawing them or writing a new story that challenges and breaks that stereotype.

Analyse how older people are represented in advertisements.

Facilitation TipEncourage creativity by asking 'What if the princess saved the prince?' or 'What if the villain was just misunderstood?'

What to look forPupils create a 'Stereotype Profile'. They draw a stereotypical character, label the unfair traits, and write a paragraph explaining why this representation is limiting and how it could be improved.

AnalyzeEvaluateSelf-AwarenessSocial Awareness
Generate Complete Lesson

Activity 03

Philosophical Chairs25 min · Whole Class

Diversity Collage

As a whole class, create a large collage using images cut from newspapers and magazines. The aim is to find and display a wide variety of people in different, non-stereotypical roles, celebrating diversity.

Justify the importance of showing a diverse range of people in the media.

Facilitation TipDiscuss the final collage, pointing out the range of jobs, ages, abilities, and backgrounds represented.

What to look forPupils use a 'traffic light' system (red, orange, green) to rate their own understanding of what a stereotype is and why diversity in media is important.

AnalyzeEvaluateSelf-AwarenessSocial Awareness
Generate Complete Lesson

A few notes on teaching this unit

Start with highly familiar media, like popular animated films or cereal adverts, to make the concept of representation concrete. Use a 'think-pair-share' approach to give pupils time to formulate their thoughts before discussing as a whole class. When analysing media, provide scaffolding with simple questions: 'Who has been included?', 'What are they like?', and importantly, 'Who has been left out?'.

By the end of these activities, pupils will be able to confidently explain what a stereotype is using their own examples from films and ads. They will also be able to argue for the importance of seeing a diverse range of people represented in the media they watch.


Watch Out for These Misconceptions

  • Stereotypes are always negative or mean.

    While many stereotypes are harmful, some can seem positive, like 'all older people are wise'. However, even these are limiting because they are oversimplified and don't allow people to be seen as unique individuals.

  • It's only a joke, it doesn't really hurt anyone.

    Even when intended as a joke, stereotypes can make people feel misunderstood, excluded, or judged. They can influence how we think about and treat people in real life, which can be very hurtful.

  • The media just shows what life is really like.

    The media makes specific choices about who and what to show. These choices create a version of reality, which often leaves out many types of people or repeatedly shows certain groups in the same limited way.


Methods used in this brief