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Social, Personal and Health Education (SPHE) · 1st Year

Active learning ideas

Healthy and Unhealthy Relationships

Healthy relationships are built on a foundation of respect, communication, and trust. For 1st year students, this topic is crucial as they navigate new peer groups and potentially the early stages of romantic interests. It aligns with the NCCA 'Respected' indicator, teaching students to identify the hallmarks of positive connections and the 'red flags' of toxic or manipulative behavior.

NCCA Curriculum SpecificationsNCCA SPHE Specification Strand 4: Relationships and Sexuality (4.2)Junior Cycle Wellbeing Indicator: Respected
25–35 minPairs → Whole Class3 activities

Activity 01

Gallery Walk35 min · Whole Class

Gallery Walk: Relationship Red and Green Flags

The room is divided into 'Green Flags' (healthy) and 'Red Flags' (unhealthy). Students place scenario cards (e.g., 'A friend gets mad if you hang out with others') on the correct side and discuss the 'Amber' flags that could go either way.

What are the signs of a healthy relationship?
UnderstandApplyAnalyzeCreateRelationship SkillsSocial Awareness
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Activity 02

Role Play30 min · Pairs

Role Play: The Assertive Communicator

Students practice 'I statements' (e.g., 'I feel upset when you share my secrets') in various scenarios. They experiment with body language and tone to see how being assertive differs from being aggressive or passive.

How can we recognise manipulative or controlling behaviour?
ApplyAnalyzeEvaluateSocial AwarenessSelf-Awareness
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Activity 03

Inquiry Circle25 min · Small Groups

Inquiry Circle: The 'Perfect' Couple Myth

Groups analyze how relationships are portrayed on social media versus reality. They identify the pressures these 'perfect' images put on young people and brainstorm ways to keep their expectations realistic.

How do we communicate our feelings respectfully?
AnalyzeEvaluateCreateSelf-ManagementSelf-Awareness
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A few notes on teaching this unit


Watch Out for These Misconceptions

  • If someone is jealous, it just means they really like me.

    Students often mistake control for affection. Through the 'Red and Green Flags' activity, they learn that healthy love is based on trust, not monitoring or possessiveness.

  • Conflict means a relationship is failing.

    Many students fear any disagreement. Role playing assertive communication shows them that healthy relationships involve working through problems respectfully, rather than avoiding them.


Methods used in this brief