Active learning ideas
Controlling blood glucose is a primary example of negative feedback in the human body. Students study the role of the pancreas in monitoring glucose levels and the antagonistic actions of insulin and glucagon. The topic covers how the liver and muscles store excess glucose as glycogen. This is a high-stakes area of the curriculum because it connects biological theory to significant public health issues like the diabetes epidemic.
Activity 01
Students act as glucose molecules, insulin, and glucagon. They move between 'bloodstream' and 'liver' zones based on instructions from a student acting as the 'Pancreas' to maintain a steady count in the blood.
How does the pancreas monitor blood glucose?
Activity 02
Students are assigned a 'patient' profile. They must work in pairs to diagnose which type of diabetes the patient has based on symptoms and test results, then present their 'case' and recommended treatment to the class.
What is the difference between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes?
Activity 03
Display posters showing different management strategies (insulin pumps, diet, exercise, stem cell research). Students move around, noting the pros and cons of each for both Type 1 and Type 2 patients.
How can diabetes be managed effectively?
Templates
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A few notes on teaching this unit
Watch Out for These Misconceptions
Glucagon and Glycogen are the same thing.
Students often confuse the hormone (glucagon) with the storage molecule (glycogen). Using word-association games or physical labels in a simulation helps them distinguish that 'Glucagon makes the glucose go (into the blood)'.
Type 2 diabetes is only caused by eating too much sugar.
While diet is a factor, genetics and obesity are major contributors. Collaborative research into risk factors helps students understand the complexity of the disease beyond simple lifestyle choices.
Methods used in this brief
The Human Nervous System
An investigation into the structure and function of the nervous system, including reflex actions and synapses. Students will understand how electrical impulses coordinate rapid responses.
8 methodologies
Hormonal Coordination
A study of the endocrine system and its role in long-term bodily regulation. Focus is placed on the pituitary gland and the comparison between nervous and hormonal responses.
8 methodologies