United Kingdom · National Curriculum Attainment Targets
Year 13 Geography
An advanced exploration of the interconnected physical and human processes shaping our world. Students analyze complex feedback loops in Earth systems while evaluating the socio-economic challenges of a globalized society.

Water and Carbon Cycles
An investigation into the fundamental systems that support life on Earth and their role in climate regulation.
Examines the localized water cycle within the Amazon basin and how deforestation disrupts precipitation patterns.
Analysis of the biological and geological pathways that move carbon between the atmosphere and the Earth.
Evaluating the impact of fossil fuel combustion and land use change on the global carbon budget.

Global Systems and Governance
Evaluating the economic and political structures that govern international trade and migration in a globalized world.
Study of the growth of global trade and the rise of the BRIC nations in the 21st century.
Analyzing the influence of TNCs on global production networks and local cultures.
Assessing the effectiveness of international organizations in managing shared resources like Antarctica.

Changing Places
A study of how places are constructed and perceived, and how they change over time through internal and external forces.
Investigating how people develop emotional attachments to locations and how media shapes place image.
Examining the processes of change in urban areas and the resulting impacts on local communities.
Exploring the shifting economic and social landscape of rural areas in the UK.

Coastal Landscapes and Change
A detailed look at the geomorphological processes that shape coasts and the management strategies used to protect them.
Understanding the inputs, transfers, and outputs of sediment within a coastal system.
Analyzing eustatic and isostatic sea level changes and the resulting risks to coastal communities.
Evaluating the effectiveness and sustainability of hard and soft engineering strategies.

Hazards and Risk Management
Investigating tectonic and atmospheric hazards and the human responses to these extreme events.
Explaining the causes of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions through plate tectonic theory.
The formation and impact of tropical cyclones and mid latitude storms.
Analyzing why different societies are more or less able to cope with natural disasters.

Contemporary Urban Environments
Focusing on the challenges of urban growth, sustainability, and the management of urban waste and pollution.
The drivers of rapid urban growth in low income countries and the rise of megacities.
The creation of urban heat islands and the challenges of air and water pollution in cities.
Exploring the concept of the sustainable city through case studies of green urbanism.