Skip to content
English · Year 6

Active learning ideas

Exploring Symbolism

Active learning helps students grasp the abstract nature of symbolism by engaging them directly with poetic texts. When students actively identify, discuss, and manipulate symbols, they move beyond passive reception to become active interpreters of meaning.

National Curriculum Attainment TargetsKS2: English - Reading ComprehensionKS2: English - Poetry
30–50 minPairs → Whole Class3 activities

Activity 01

Hexagonal Thinking45 min · Pairs

Symbol Scavenger Hunt

Provide students with copies of two poems that share a common symbol (e.g., a bird). In pairs, they will highlight instances of the symbol in each poem and discuss its potential meaning in both contexts. They will then record their findings in a Venn diagram.

Explain how a recurring symbol strengthens the theme of a poem.

Facilitation TipDuring Hexagonal Thinking, prompt students to draw lines between hexagons and verbally explain the nature of the connection they are illustrating, focusing on how one concept (like a symbol) leads to or reinforces another.

AnalyzeEvaluateCreateSelf-AwarenessRelationship Skills
Generate Complete Lesson

Activity 02

Hexagonal Thinking50 min · Small Groups

Symbol Substitution Challenge

Select a short poem with a clear recurring symbol. Ask small groups to brainstorm alternative symbols that could replace the original. Each group will then rewrite a stanza of the poem using their new symbol and present it to the class, explaining the shift in meaning.

Compare the symbolic meaning of an object in two different poems.

Facilitation TipDuring the Symbol Substitution Challenge, encourage groups to justify their chosen alternative symbols by explaining how the new symbol creates a similar or different emotional or thematic effect compared to the original.

AnalyzeEvaluateCreateSelf-AwarenessRelationship Skills
Generate Complete Lesson

Activity 03

Hexagonal Thinking30 min · Whole Class

Creating a Symbol Glossary

As a class, identify common symbols encountered in poetry (e.g., light, darkness, water, seasons). Students will contribute definitions and examples of how these symbols are used, creating a shared glossary that can be referenced throughout their studies.

Predict how changing a key symbol would alter a poem's message.

Facilitation TipDuring the Creating a Symbol Glossary activity, guide students to provide textual evidence for why a particular item is considered a symbol, connecting the literal object to its abstract meaning.

AnalyzeEvaluateCreateSelf-AwarenessRelationship Skills
Generate Complete Lesson

Templates

Templates that pair with these English activities

Drop them into your lesson, edit them, and print or share.

A few notes on teaching this unit

Teaching symbolism effectively involves moving from concrete examples to abstract analysis. Start by identifying literal objects that students recognize as potentially symbolic, then guide them to explore the layers of meaning through close reading and discussion. Avoid presenting symbols as having single, fixed interpretations; instead, emphasize the role of context and authorial intent.

Successful learners will be able to identify recurring symbols in poems, articulate their potential meanings, and explain how these symbols contribute to the poem's overall theme. They will demonstrate an understanding that symbols can have multiple interpretations depending on context.


Watch Out for These Misconceptions

  • During the Symbol Substitution Challenge, watch for students who believe a symbol has only one fixed meaning and struggle to brainstorm alternatives.

    Redirect students by asking them to consider how changing the symbol in their chosen poem alters the poem's mood or central message, prompting them to think about the *effect* of the symbol.

  • During the Symbol Scavenger Hunt, watch for students who only identify explicitly labeled symbols or miss subtle, recurring imagery.

    Guide students to look for images or objects that appear more than once and ask them, 'What feeling or idea does this repeated image bring to mind?' to encourage inference.


Methods used in this brief