Active learning ideas
This topic covers the critical transition of evidence from the crime scene to the laboratory and eventually the courtroom. It focuses on the 'chain of custody' and the statutory protections afforded to suspects under the Police and Criminal Evidence Act (PACE) 1984. For Year 13 students, this is a lesson in procedural justice: how the law ensures that evidence is not only scientifically valid but also legally admissible.
Activity 01
Provide a box of 'evidence' items and a set of log sheets. Students must work together to document each item's journey, ensuring every hand-off is recorded, and identify where a 'break' in the chain might occur.
Why is the chain of custody crucial in a criminal investigation?
Activity 02
Give groups a scenario of a suspect arrested for a serious crime. They must manage the 'PACE clock,' deciding when to apply for extensions from a Superintendent or a Magistrate while ensuring the suspect's rights are met.
What protections does PACE 1984 offer to suspects in custody?
Activity 03
Present short scenarios where police obtain evidence through questionable means, such as an unrecorded interview. Pairs must decide if the evidence should be excluded under Section 78 of PACE and explain why.
How can improper evidence handling affect the outcome of a trial?
A few notes on teaching this unit
Watch Out for These Misconceptions
The police can hold a suspect indefinitely if the crime is serious enough.
PACE sets strict limits: 24 hours normally, up to 36 with a Superintendent's permission, and up to 96 hours with a Magistrate's warrant. Using a simulation of the 'PACE clock' helps students internalize these legal thresholds.
Evidence is only 'bad' if it is scientifically incorrect.
Evidence can be scientifically perfect but legally 'inadmissible' if the chain of custody is broken or if it was obtained via a breach of rights. Collaborative mapping of the evidence journey highlights these procedural vulnerabilities.
Methods used in this brief
Personnel Involved in Criminal Investigations
An examination of the roles of police, crime scene investigators, forensic scientists, and pathologists. Students will assess how these professionals collaborate to secure evidence.
8 methodologies
Investigative Techniques
A critical look at techniques such as forensic analysis, surveillance, profiling, and eyewitness testimony. Students will evaluate the reliability and legal boundaries of these methods.
8 methodologies