Introduction to Playwriting: Story Structure
Students learn basic playwriting elements, including plot, character, setting, and dialogue, to create short scenes.
Key Questions
- Differentiate between dialogue that advances the plot and dialogue that reveals character.
- Design a short scene with a clear beginning, middle, and end.
- Analyze how conflict drives the narrative in a dramatic work.
Common Core State Standards
About This Topic
The Presidency of Washington examines the critical period when the new government was first put into practice. As the first president, George Washington had to establish the 'precedents' that would guide all future leaders, from forming a cabinet to serving only two terms. Students learn about the challenges he faced, including the Whiskey Rebellion and the pressure to take sides in European wars.
This topic is vital for understanding how the abstract ideas of the Constitution were turned into a functioning administration. It highlights Washington's role as a unifying figure who prioritized the stability of the young republic. Students grasp this concept faster through structured discussion and peer explanation, as they analyze his Farewell Address and debate the wisdom of his warnings for the future.
Active Learning Ideas
Role Play: The First Cabinet Meeting
Assign students roles as Washington, Hamilton (Treasury), and Jefferson (State). They must debate a real issue of the time, such as the Whiskey Rebellion, while Washington tries to find a middle ground between his feuding advisors.
Inquiry Circle: Washington's Precedents
Groups are given a list of presidential actions (e.g., being called 'Mr. President,' giving a Farewell Address, stepping down after two terms). They must explain why each action was a 'precedent' and how it shaped the office of the presidency.
Think-Pair-Share: The Farewell Address Warnings
Students read excerpts from Washington's Farewell Address regarding political parties and 'entangling alliances.' They discuss in pairs whether his warnings were wise and if they are still relevant to the U.S. today.
Watch Out for These Misconceptions
Common MisconceptionWashington wanted to be a King.
What to Teach Instead
He was actually very careful to avoid king-like behavior, which is why he insisted on being called 'Mr. President' and stepped down voluntarily. Peer discussion on 'voluntary surrender of power' helps students see why this was so revolutionary.
Common MisconceptionThe Whiskey Rebellion was just a small fight about alcohol.
What to Teach Instead
It was a major test of whether the new federal government could actually enforce its laws. A role-play comparing the government's response to Shays' Rebellion versus the Whiskey Rebellion illustrates the new strength of the Constitution.
Suggested Methodologies
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is a 'precedent' and why was it important for Washington?
What was the Whiskey Rebellion?
What warnings did Washington give in his Farewell Address?
How can active learning help students understand Washington's presidency?
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