Introduction to Probability
Mathematics · Secondary 3 · Data Analysis and Probability · Semester 2

Introduction to Probability

Defining probability, outcomes, events, and calculating simple probabilities.

MOE Syllabus OutcomesMOE: Statistics and Probability - S3MOE: Probability - S3

About This Topic

Defining probability, outcomes, events, and calculating simple probabilities.

Key Questions

  1. Explain the difference between theoretical and experimental probability.
  2. Analyze how the sample space affects the calculation of probability.
  3. Construct examples of impossible, certain, and equally likely events.

Active Learning Ideas

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Activities & Teaching Strategies

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Planning templates for Mathematics

Lesson Plan

5E Model

The 5E Model structures lessons through five phases (Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, and Evaluate), guiding students from curiosity to deep understanding through inquiry-based learning.

Unit Planner

Math Unit

Plan a multi-week math unit with conceptual coherence: from building number sense and procedural fluency to applying skills in context and developing mathematical reasoning across a connected sequence of lessons.

Rubric

Math Rubric

Build a math rubric that assesses problem-solving, mathematical reasoning, and communication alongside procedural accuracy, giving students feedback on how they think, not just whether they got the right answer.

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Revisiting histograms, bar charts, pie charts, and stem-and-leaf plots for data visualization.

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Calculating and interpreting mean, median, and mode for grouped and ungrouped data.

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Measures of Spread (Range and IQR)

Calculating and interpreting range and interquartile range for grouped and ungrouped data.

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Cumulative Frequency Curves

Constructing and interpreting cumulative frequency curves.

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Box-and-Whisker Plots

Constructing and interpreting box plots from cumulative frequency data.

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Probability of Combined Events (Independent)

Using tree diagrams and possibility diagrams to calculate probabilities for multiple independent events.

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Edited by Adriana Perusin, Editor-in-Chief, Flip Education
Synthesized by Flip Education from Lyman's Think-Pair-Share collaborative-discussion routine (1981)