Singapore · MOE Syllabus Outcomes
Secondary 4 Computing
A comprehensive upper secondary course focusing on advanced algorithmic problem solving and systems architecture. Students develop robust software solutions while analyzing the security and ethical implications of emerging technologies in the Singaporean digital landscape.
Complex Algorithmic Logic
Deepening understanding of search and sort algorithms and their computational efficiency through Big O notation. Students learn to optimize code for performance and resource management.
Comparing linear versus binary search and various sorting methods like bubble and merge sort.
Breaking down large problems into manageable functions and procedures to improve code reusability.
Exploring the use of multidimensional arrays and records to represent real-world data entities.
Data Management and Database Systems
Focusing on the relational model and SQL for managing large datasets efficiently. Students design schemas and perform complex queries to extract meaningful information.
Understanding primary keys, foreign keys, and the importance of data normalization.
Mastering the use of SELECT, JOIN, and aggregate functions to manipulate data.
Implementing constraints and validation checks to ensure data accuracy and reliability.
Computer Networks and Communication
Examining the architecture of the internet and local networks. Students explore protocols, hardware, and the layers of communication that enable global connectivity.
Analyzing star, bus, and mesh network layouts and the hardware required for each.
Investigating the four-layer model and how data is encapsulated for transmission.
Comparing wired and wireless transmission methods and factors affecting bandwidth.
Cybersecurity and Defense
Identifying vulnerabilities in computer systems and implementing strategies to mitigate risks. Students learn about encryption, authentication, and defensive programming.
Classifying different types of cyber threats including viruses, worms, and social engineering.
Understanding symmetric and asymmetric encryption and their roles in securing data.
Learning to write code that anticipates and handles unexpected inputs or attacks.
Computer Architecture and Logic Gates
Exploring the internal workings of the CPU and the fundamental logic gates that power digital computation.
Studying the Fetch-Decode-Execute cycle and the roles of the ALU, CU, and registers.
Designing and simplifying logic circuits using AND, OR, NOT, NAND, and XOR gates.
Comparing RAM, ROM, and secondary storage like SSDs and HDDs.
Impacts and Ethics of Computing
Analyzing the societal, legal, and ethical implications of technology, including AI, automation, and the digital divide.
Discussing the benefits and risks of AI, including bias in machine learning models.
Examining the gap between those with and without access to technology and its impact on equality.
Investigating the carbon footprint of data centers and the problem of electronic waste.