Active learning ideas
Foundations of Morality introduces students to the 'why' behind our actions. They explore major ethical frameworks: Utilitarianism (doing the most good for the most people) and Deontology (following universal duties). This topic is central to NCCA Philosophy LO 3.1 and connects to the CSPE (Civic, Social and Political Education) curriculum regarding human dignity and rights.
Activity 01
Students are assigned roles as 'Utilitarians' or 'Kantians'. They are presented with a local issue, like building a new road through a park, and must argue for a solution based strictly on their assigned philosopher's rules.
Are moral rules universal or culturally determined?
Activity 02
Present the classic dilemma. Students decide their action individually, then pair up to see if they agree. Finally, they must identify if their choice was based on 'consequences' or 'rules'.
What does it mean to be a good person?
Activity 03
Post different scenarios around the room (e.g., 'Is it okay to lie to save a friend?'). Students move in groups, writing one 'Pro' and one 'Con' for each, using ethical keywords like 'duty' or 'outcome'.
How do we decide what is the right thing to do?
A few notes on teaching this unit
Watch Out for These Misconceptions
Morality is just a matter of personal opinion.
While opinions vary, ethical theories provide logical structures for those opinions. Using 'Conflict Resolution' role plays helps students see that some moral arguments are more consistent and fair than others.
Utilitarianism just means doing whatever makes you happy.
It's about the 'greatest good for the greatest number', which often requires personal sacrifice. Collaborative budgeting activities can help students see the difficulty of balancing many people's needs.
Methods used in this brief
Ethical Theories
An introduction to major ethical frameworks, including utilitarianism, deontology, and virtue ethics. Students apply these theories to complex moral dilemmas.
8 methodologies
Rights and Responsibilities
Students examine the concept of human rights and the moral responsibilities we have towards others in our community. They debate the balance between individual freedom and societal good.
8 methodologies