Active learning ideas
This topic tackles the distinction between objective truth and subjective opinion, a critical distinction in the NCCA Philosophy Short Course. Students investigate whether truth is something discovered in the world or something created by human perspective. This unit connects deeply to the Junior Cycle Key Skill of Communicating, as students must learn to express their views while respecting the logical boundaries of factual evidence. In an Irish context, this often involves looking at how different historical narratives can coexist while still adhering to core facts.
Activity 01
Divide the class into two sides to argue whether mathematical truths (like 2+2=4) existed before humans discovered them or if humans invented the concept of truth to organize the world. Each side presents three main points and a rebuttal.
Is truth objective or subjective?
Activity 02
Post various news headlines and social media posts around the room. Students move in pairs to mark each with a 'Fact' or 'Opinion' sticker, writing one sentence on a sticky note explaining how they would verify the 'Fact' claims.
How do we distinguish facts from opinions?
Activity 03
Students list three things they believe are 'true' (e.g., 'Apples are better than oranges' vs 'Apples are fruits'). They share with a partner to identify which are subjective preferences and which are objective truths, then discuss if a 'consensus' can make an opinion true.
Can two opposing opinions both be true?
A few notes on teaching this unit
Methods used in this brief
What is Knowledge?
Students explore the definition of knowledge and how it differs from mere belief. They examine classic philosophical definitions such as justified true belief.
8 methodologies
The Role of Senses and Reason
Students debate whether our senses or our logical reasoning are the most reliable sources of knowledge. They look at basic concepts of empiricism and rationalism.
8 methodologies