Mass Movement: Landslides and Slumps
Students will investigate the causes and types of downslope movement of rock and soil under gravity.
Key Questions
- Explain the factors that increase the risk of landslides.
- Differentiate between different types of mass movement, such as creeps, slumps, and flows.
- Assess the strategies used to mitigate the risks of mass movement in vulnerable areas.
NCCA Curriculum Specifications
About This Topic
Painting with Tools breaks the reliance on the traditional paintbrush and encourages students to see the world as a source of mark-making potential. By using sponges, sticks, fingers, and even recycled items, students explore texture, pressure, and the physical properties of paint. This aligns with the NCCA's 'Awareness of Environment' and 'Paint and Color' strands, fostering a spirit of experimentation.
This topic is about the 'how' of painting as much as the 'what.' It teaches students that the tool is an extension of their hand and that different tools produce different 'voices' on the paper. This approach is excellent for developing fine motor skills and tactile sensitivity. It particularly benefits from station rotations where students can quickly move between different tools, comparing the effects and discussing which tools are best for specific tasks, like creating 'grass' or 'clouds.'
Active Learning Ideas
Stations Rotation: Tool Testing Lab
Set up four stations: Sponges, Found Objects (corks/forks), Natural Tools (twigs/leaves), and Finger Painting. Students spend 8 minutes at each, creating a 'sample sheet' of the different marks each tool can make.
Inquiry Circle: The Giant Texture Map
On a long roll of paper, students work together to paint a landscape. They must decide as a group which non-traditional tool is best for the mountains, the river, and the trees, then use them to build the scene.
Think-Pair-Share: Tool Talk
Students choose their favorite mark from their 'sample sheet.' They explain to a partner why they like it and what they think it looks like (e.g., 'This sponge mark looks like a bubbly sea').
Watch Out for These Misconceptions
Common MisconceptionYou can't paint 'properly' without a brush.
What to Teach Instead
Show examples of famous artists who used palette knives or their hands. A 'Station Rotation' allows students to see that different tools actually give them more control over certain textures than a brush would.
Common MisconceptionMore paint is always better.
What to Teach Instead
Students often glob paint on, losing the texture of the tool. Hands-on modeling of 'dabbing' versus 'smearing' helps them see the unique patterns a tool can leave behind.
Suggested Methodologies
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Frequently Asked Questions
What are some safe 'found objects' for painting?
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How can active learning help students understand painting with tools?
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Planning templates for Exploring Our World: Junior Cycle Geography
More in Shaping the Landscape
How Rocks Break Down
Students will explore simple ways rocks break into smaller pieces, like from water, ice, and plants.
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Moving Earth: Erosion
Students will learn that erosion is when wind and water move soil and rocks from one place to another.
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The Hydrological Cycle
Students will trace the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth.
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River Erosion and Transportation
Students will examine how rivers erode their channels and transport sediment.
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What Rivers Do
Students will explore how rivers flow and change the land, making valleys and carrying things.
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