Canada · Ontario Curriculum Expectations
Grade 3 Science
Students investigate the interconnectedness of living things, the properties of physical matter, and the dynamic changes of the Earth. This curriculum emphasizes hands-on inquiry and scientific observation to understand how natural systems function and evolve.

01Life Cycles and Growth
Students explore the diverse ways living things grow and change over time through the study of plant and animal life cycles.
Students will observe and document the initial stages of plant growth from seed to seedling, identifying necessary conditions.
Students will identify and describe the functions of different plant parts (roots, stems, leaves, flowers) through hands-on examination.
Students will investigate the processes of pollination and various methods of seed dispersal, understanding their importance for plant reproduction.
Students will observe and sequence the stages of a butterfly's metamorphosis, from egg to larva, pupa, and adult.
Students will explore the life cycle of a frog, focusing on its adaptation to both aquatic and terrestrial environments.
Students will identify observable traits in animals and plants and discuss how these traits are passed from parents to offspring.
Students will differentiate between traits that are inherited and those that are influenced by an organism's environment.
Students will observe and document variations among individuals of the same species, understanding that diversity is natural.
Students will investigate the basic needs of plants (sunlight, water, soil, air) and how these affect their growth.

02Invisible Forces: Magnetic and Static
An exploration of non-contact forces and how they influence the movement and behavior of objects.
Students will investigate the properties of magnetic poles and how they interact (attract or repel) with other magnets.
Students will visualize magnetic fields using iron filings and identify practical applications of magnets in daily life.
Students will conduct experiments to generate static electricity through friction and observe its effects on light objects.
Students will investigate how objects with static charges attract or repel each other, similar to magnets.
Students will identify and describe various pushes and pulls acting on objects in their environment.
Students will conduct experiments to observe situations where forces are balanced, resulting in no change in motion.
Students will explore how unbalanced forces cause objects to start moving, stop, or change direction.
Students will explore the concept of gravity as a force that pulls objects towards the Earth, affecting their motion.
Students will investigate friction as a force that opposes motion and explore how it can be both helpful and unhelpful.

03Matter and Its Properties
Students classify materials based on physical characteristics and investigate how matter changes state.
Students will identify and describe the observable properties of various solid objects, such as shape, texture, and hardness.
Students will explore the characteristics of liquids, including their ability to flow and take the shape of their container.
Students will investigate the properties of gases, observing how they fill containers and are often invisible.
Students will observe and describe the processes of melting and freezing, understanding them as reversible physical changes.
Students will explore evaporation and condensation as parts of the water cycle and as reversible changes of state.
Students will investigate how some solids dissolve in liquids to form mixtures, and how these mixtures can sometimes be separated.
Students will conduct simple tests to compare the strength and durability of different materials.
Students will classify materials as insulators or conductors of heat and electricity through hands-on experimentation.
Students will apply their understanding of material properties to design and build a simple structure or object for a specific purpose.
Students will differentiate between physical changes that can be reversed (like melting ice) and chemical changes that cannot (like burning wood).

04Earth's Landforms and Changes
Students explore the geological features of the Earth and the slow and rapid processes that shape the landscape.
Students will identify and describe various landforms such as mountains, valleys, plains, and canyons using maps and models.
Students will investigate how moving water (rivers, rain, waves) causes erosion and shapes landforms over time.
Students will explore how wind and ice contribute to the weathering of rocks and the formation of new landforms.
Students will investigate natural and human-made methods to prevent or reduce erosion in different environments.
Students will learn about the causes and effects of volcanic eruptions, including the formation of new land.
Students will explore the causes of earthquakes and their effects on the Earth's surface and human structures.
Students will examine different types of soil and identify their components (sand, silt, clay, organic matter).
Students will investigate the role of decomposers (e.g., worms, fungi, bacteria) in breaking down dead organic matter and enriching soil.
Students will explore how fossils provide evidence of past life and changes in Earth's environments over long periods.
Students will identify common natural resources and discuss the importance of conserving them for future generations.

05Living Systems and Environments
A study of how organisms interact with their environments and how changes in habitats affect survival.
Students will identify and describe various types of habitats (e.g., forest, desert, ocean) and the organisms that live there.
Students will investigate how animals have developed physical and behavioral adaptations to survive in their specific habitats.
Students will explore how plants adapt to different environmental conditions, such as water availability and sunlight.
Students will classify organisms as producers, consumers, or decomposers and understand their roles in an ecosystem.
Students will construct simple food chains, identifying the flow of energy from one organism to another.
Students will expand their understanding to food webs, recognizing the complex relationships and multiple energy pathways in an ecosystem.
Students will investigate how human activities (e.g., pollution, deforestation) can positively and negatively affect ecosystems.
Students will explore how natural disasters (e.g., floods, fires) can cause rapid changes to ecosystems and affect species survival.
Students will identify ways to protect local ecosystems and endangered species, promoting responsible environmental stewardship.
Students will understand that all components of an ecosystem are interconnected and that changes to one part can affect the whole.